Explanation and Chart of Ser Versus Estar

Clarification and Chart of Ser Versus Estar There are barely any things more befuddling for starting Spanish understudies than learning the contrasts among ser and estar. All things considered, the two of them intend to be in English. Contrasts Between Ser and Estar One approach to think about the contrasts among ser and estarâ is to consider ser the aloof action word and estar as the dynamic one. (The terms arent being utilized from a linguistic perspective here.) Ser mentions to you what something is, the idea of its being, while estar alludes more to what something does. You may utilize soy (the primary individual present of ser, which means I am) to clarify who or what you are, yet youd use estoy (the principal individual present of estar) to determine what you are being or doing. For instance, you may state, Estoy enfermo for I am debilitated. That would demonstrate that you are wiped out right now. Be that as it may, it doesnt mention to anybody what you are. Presently if you somehow happened to state, Soy enfermo, that would have an alternate significance altogether. That would allude to what your identity is, to the idea of your being. We may interpret that as I am a debilitated individual or I am wiped out. Note comparative contrasts in these models: Estoy cansado. (I am worn out.) Soy cansado. (I am a worn out individual. My tendency is to be tired)Estoy feliz. (Im upbeat now.) Soy feliz. (I am upbeat commonly. I am a cheerful person.)Est callada. (Shes hushing up.) Es callada. (Shes independent. Shes normally a calm person.)No estoy lista. (Im not prepared.) No soy lista. (Im not a brisk scholar.) Another Approach to Ser versus Estar Another perspective about the two action words is to consider ser being generally equal to rises to. Another methodology is that estar regularly alludes to an impermanent condition, while ser much of the time alludes to a changeless condition. In any case, there are exemptions. Among the significant special cases to the above perspective is that ser is utilized in articulations of time, for example, Son las dos de la tarde for Its 2 p.m. Likewise, we use estar to demonstrate somebody has passed on a significant perpetual condition: Est muerto, he is dead. Along that line, estar is utilized to show area. Estoy en casa. (I am at home.) But, soy de Mã ©xico. (I am from Mexico.) Ser, be that as it may, is utilized for the area of occasions: La boda es en Nuevo Hampshire. (The wedding is in New Hampshire.) There are likewise a couple of informal articulations that just should be scholarly: La manzana es verde. (The apple is green.) La manzana est verde. (The apple is unripe.) Est muy bien la comida. (The dinner tastes excellent). Note that occasionally estar is regularly changed by a qualifier, for example, bien as opposed to a descriptive word: Estoy bien. (Im fine.) Albeit uncommon, there are a couple of circumstances where you can utilize either ser or estar. A wedded manâ describing his conjugal status could state either Soy casado or Estoy casado. He may be bound to utilize soy since he considers being hitched as a major aspect of his personality, despite the fact that he may utilize estoy to demonstrate that he had been hitched as of late. Present Conjugation of Ser and Estar Both ser and estar are sporadically conjugated. Heres a graph of the demonstrative current state: Pronombre Ser Estar Yo soy estoy Tã º eres ests Él, ella, usted es est Nosotros somos estamos Vosotros sois estis Ellos, ellas, ustedes child estn Test Sentences Susana es atenta y con buena comunicaciã ³n. (Susana is nice with acceptable relational abilities. Ser is utilized with an individual quality.)Susana est atenta a la situaciã ³n de su amiga. (Susana is mindful to her companions circumstance. Estar is being utilized to portray behavior.)Roberto es nervioso como mi hermano. (Roberto is as apprehensive of an individual as my sibling seems to be. Ser is utilized here for depicting what sort of individual somebody is.)Roberto est tan nervioso como mi hermano. (Robert is as apprehensive as my sibling is currently. Estar is utilized for an enthusiastic express that is free of individual characteristics.) Fast Takeaways Ser and estar are the two action words most much of the time utilized as what could be compared to the English to be.Ser regularly is utilized in depicting the idea of somebody or something.Estar normally is utilized in alluding to a condition of being that isnt fundamentally intrinsic.

Cortes Conquers the Aztecs Spanish Conquest or Indian Civil War Essay Example

Cortes Conquers the Aztecs: Spanish Conquest or Indian Civil War Essay The Spanish conquerings of Montezuma and the Aztecs were both a Spanish vanquishing each piece great as an Indian common war. What integrates them both is the Conquistador Hernan Cortes. You could explanation behind the two sides concerning which played an increasingly significant part in the harvest time of the Aztecs. in any case. I feel the two of them played an equivalent capacity in the licking of the Aztecs and the fall of Tenochititlan to the Spaniards. At the point when Cortezs preeminent came to Mexico. he did non cognize the etymological correspondence spoken by the Indian society. He was blessed bounty to hold two interpreters ; Aguilar. a wrecked Spaniard who had taken in the Maya phonetic correspondence. what's more, Malinche. Malinche was a youthful lady given to Cortes as a contribution. Among her and Aguilar. Cortes had the option to go acquainted with the way the Aztecs lived. thought. also, battled. He utilized this strategy to help in campaign and to make preparations for any invasions. By a wide margin. probably the greatest destruction of Montezuma and the Aztecs was the capacity of the God Quetzalcoatl. The majority of the Aztecs’ lives and convictions was fixated on their Supreme creatures. Probably the greatest conviction was of the God Quetzalcoatl. the padded snake. Montezuma accepted that Cortes was the human variant of Quetzalcoatl. The tale of Quetzalcoatl portrayed a whiskery. white God who appeared to be like Cortes. Quetzalcoatl was exceptional during the Toltec guideline and had purportedly left the vale since he was discontent with the way things were. The Aztecs accepted he was relied upon to return and pass on back great occasions and good karma. Cortezs exploited their convictions and drenched himself into the Aztecs lives. We will compose a custom paper test on Cortes Conquers the Aztecs: Spanish Conquest or Indian Civil War explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Cortes Conquers the Aztecs: Spanish Conquest or Indian Civil War explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Cortes Conquers the Aztecs: Spanish Conquest or Indian Civil War explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Against the guidance of his regal family unit. Montezuma invited Cortes and the Spaniards with detached weaponries. They needed Montezuma to slaughter the outsiders. The Aztecs had a go at giving the Spaniards gold and different riches to gain them to go forward their city. This simply energized their longing and goals for additional. also, they would not go forward. The more they gave. the more the Spaniards needed. Cortezs made Montezuma a hostage of his ain city. which prompted a disobedience by the Aztecs known as La Noche Triste . or on the other hand The Sad Night. Numerous lives were lost on the two sides. Numerous different variables added to Cortes’ triumph over the Aztecs. His officers had unquestionably progressively prevalent arms and they had Equus caballuss. The Aztecs were extremely scared of the Equus caballuss in light of the fact that they had neer seen anything like them previously. Sickness other than played an enormous segment in the licking of the Aztecs. The Spanish brought grumblings that the Aztecs had no unsusceptibilities for. Three-fourths passed on from either power or maladies, for example, little pox and the rubeolas in simply the main century of the conquerings. The Aztecs’ strategies of war were somewhat not quite the same as those of the Spaniards. what's more, this was other than a point in the Spaniards’ favor. The Spaniards battled to murder. The Aztecs did non. The Aztecs battled to picking up control and get hostages so they could in this manner use them as human relinquishes to their Supreme creatures. Truth be told. Cortes himself was caught a few times yet was re-caught by his work powers and protected. The a large portion of import factor by a wide margin in the licking of the Aztecs by Cortes. orchestrating to certain historiographers. is the guide he got from the other stifled Indian society in the nation. This is the reason I trust one could consider this to be non just a Spanish prevailing. be that as it may, other than as an Indian common war. These other Indian people decided to help Cortes fight since they believed they would benefit enormously from the licking of the Aztecs. They were worn out on populating under the Aztecs’ guideline and maxim Cortes as a sort of legend. or on the other hand hero. They were glad to help pay a war against the Aztecs on the off chance that it implied they could hold better lives. After numerous perishes on the two sides. The Aztec legislative center fell in August of 1521. In the wake of catching Tenochititlan. the Spaniards devastated the city and on it constructed was is currently present twenty-four hours Mexico City. I accept the originating before proclamations back up my explanation that the a large portion of import factors in the demise of Montezuma and the Aztecs were from the equivalent mix of holding to cover with a Spanish vanquishing and an Indian common war. Beginnings: Vigil. James Diego From Indians to Chicano Internet webpage. On the other hand Info World History Chronology Project ; World Wide Web. thenagaininfo Matthew. Roy T. also, F. DeWitt Platt Western Humanities Sullivan. Richard E. . Dennis Sherman and John B. Harrison A Short history of Western Civilization Wood. Michael A Legacy-The Search for Ancient Cultures

Voucher Programs: A Discrimination

The accentuation on improving government funded training in the United States has been developing for quite a long time. Administrators, exclusive organizations, educational committees and network associations are attempting to think of savvy approaches to protect kids from disintegrating government funded schools, especially schools situated in downtowns. They accept a potential answer for the issue includes offering voucher programs, which would give budgetary guide to families not lucky enough to pay for their youngsters to go to private tutoring. Vouchers are just accessible to the understudies who exceed expectations in specific regions and once in a while spread the expense of the whole training. Citizens will be paying higher expenses to make up for the understudies going to tuition based schools through voucher programs. This strategy for isolation not just extends the hole among open and private schooling however it additionally disconnects a little level of ‘desirable† understudies from the remainder of society. Voucher projects will just profit brief measure of understudies while harming the whole educational system and the overall population. Voucher programs help separate the hole between vacillating government funded schools and unambiguous tuition based schools. What great would it do to isolate the most splendid children from society? (90% of understudies go to government funded schools) It would improve their training by a little division, yet overall, society itself won't improve. Truth be told, society will vacillate. Government funded schools will progressively debilitate by taking the most grounded parts out and going along with them with their partners in non-public schools. What motivation will that give the legislature to improve open tutoring, if the recipients are warded of into a â€Å"better† training? The great would leave and the terrible would remain, aggravating government funded schools even than they as of now are. Vouchers additionally subvert the legal dispute Brown versus Leading group of Education, which discovered that different however equivalent is unquestionably not equivalent. Duke Warren, the appointed authority dwelling over the case expressed, â€Å"separate instructive offices are naturally unequal,† (Garrety, 787). Vouchers will isolate the general public by putting understudies in discrete offices with charge payers† cash. This type of partition isn't right. By and large, an understudy getting a voucher will be conceded $2,500-$5,000 per year for private schooling. This is typically enough cash to send an understudy to a nearby tuition based school financed by the congregation. â€Å"In numerous regions, 80 percent of vouchers would be utilized in school whose focal crucial strict training† (Internet source 1) Religion is wherever in these schools. Supplications fill the schools lobbies, congregations, games and homerooms. Taking citizens cash and directing it into voucher programs is a tragedy. It causes purposeful and unavoidable clash between the congregation and the state. In the 1940†³s the High Court pronounced that, â€Å"no charge in any sum enormous or small†¦ e demanded to help any strict exercises or institutions† (Internet source 1) and in 1997 the administration additionally finished up the refusal to finance, â€Å"inculcation of strict beliefs,† (Internet source 1). Voucher projects would request residents all things considered and ages to pay for strict training for youngsters they will never know. How could the legislature not finance foundations that offer an educational program completely unique in relation to the standard? For instance a school run by a radical gathering like the Ku Klux Klan, or an educational plan essentially concentrating on socialism will likewise request financing. The administration should offer them subsidizing for vouchers simply like each other strictly associated tuition based school. The American open will be adding to the headways of these kinds of tutoring. This isn't reasonable! Voucher programs, in no conceivable structure can enhance state funded training. Some government funded schools will be left with less dollars than in earlier years, and they will have the most unfortunate and least keen understudies to educate. No educator will need to instruct in such conditions. They realize that they will conceivably get pay cuts, which will offer practically no motivating force for educators to remain instructing at state funded schools. It will advance unfit and unpracticed staff to fill the undesirable positions, which will exacerbate things than it as of now is. There would be an ascent in ubiquity for showing employments in tuition based schools, driving potential possibilities for educators in state funded schools away. Overall, voucher programs represent a monstrous danger to the state funded training framework. They have demonstrated to be disliked among states around the whole nation. â€Å"When offered to decide on voucher-like projects, the general population has reliably dismissed them; voters in 19 states have dismissed such recommendations in choice polling forms. In the November 1998 political decision, for instance, Colorado voters dismissed a proposed protected change that would have permitted parochial schools to get open assets through a confused educational cost charge credit conspire. Without a doubt voters have dismissed everything except one educational cost voucher recommendations put to the voting form since the primary such vote 30 years back. † (Internet source 2) It is evident that vouchers are not the answer for state funded instruction battling to Vouchers derail working of help for government funded schools which is actually what government funded schools need. The United States government should attempt to think of an answer, which will profit the educational system all in all. Vouchers just advantage . 1% of all understudies going to schools all through the United States. Vouchers don't assist with improving breaking down state funded schools, and they don't help most of understudies in those schools. In what manner can the administration make families (previously battling monetarily to send their kids to state funded schools) help pay for kids going to tuition based schools through voucher programs? It can't occur and never will!

Business Plan Name Course Instructor’s Free Essays

A marketable strategy is a composed record expressing the points, crucial, destinations, and the general administration, cost brought about and arranging how you will accomplish what you need (McKeever, 2008). It is a significant archive for it will underline rules for future motivation behind the association and begin to build up baselines for progress (Abrams Kleiner, 2003). An elegantly composed marketable strategy ought to contain a three to five-year income projection. We will compose a custom paper test on Marketable strategy Name Course Instructor’s or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now This income will help the financial specialists in choosing astutely about the business and make you to acknowledge how much capital is required to begin the running of the business. It ought to profoundly characterize the business activity that incorporates showcasing methodologies, and systems to be followed to draw in the clients. It may likewise extend different systems that show the authority styles to be depicted by the pioneers, which ought to be straightforward and adaptable. Strategies are set up for different destinations for instance an association may be looking for accounts from financial specialists; a gathering would be needing bank advance while others will need to design associations procedure to be certain the association is effective. Regardless of the reason a wide range of business requires a strategy. Steps recorded as a hard copy a fantastic strategy: Set out the principle reason for the business Gather all the required information and data of the business reason Concentrate on the reason dependent on the accumulated data Significant components of a field-tested strategy A decent marketable strategy should consistently fit the business need †It is conceivable to build up a field-tested strategy that is so great however must be comprehended by interior individuals while it is likewise conceivable to build up an astounding and very much explored field-tested strategy that has no utilization. The business needs ought to be exceptionally considered particularly its point, vision and statement of purpose (McKeever, 2008). It ought to be practical †A field-tested strategy ought to have extraordinary thoughts which can be actualized for instance an amazing, all around looked into and splendidly composed field-tested strategy clarifying about a ware that can't be set up has no importance. On the other hand, plan that calls for many cash only for speculation yet needs the executives bunch that can have the option to get such venture is an awful arrangement. It ought to be immediate to the point †The whole field-tested strategy ought to be explicit in nature that is it should state out obligations, terminating dates, gauges and metric. A brilliant arranging depends more regarding the matter, the concerned party, the day and the accounts (Abrams Kleiner, 2003). It should underline obligations and obligations †One must have the option to call attention to the obligations for people. Any obligation without an individual appears to be hard to be actualized. It calls attention to suspicions †Its extremely imperative for a large portion of the marketable strategies has all the earmarks of being incorrectly, they are composed by individuals who manage mystery and they may not be right, subsequently every arrangement should show supposition in advance for changed presumptions should direct to updated plans (McKeever, 2008). It ought to confine individuals to be submitted †Apart from arranging, the arrangement ought to indicate the different obligations and duties of an individual then the administration ought to development in order to complete the obligations by the concerned party, this will authorize duty and a smooth running of the business. A decent marketable strategy ought to be kept moving by development and arranging process (Abrams Kleiner, 2003). Each strategy must convey the arranging strategies with it, which implies regularly check up and course correction. There is no marketable strategy that is astounding in the event that it is resolute. Arranging doesn’t future foresee just yearly its guiding and the board that takes a procedure to frequently counter check and correct the course (Pinson, 2001). The most effective method to refer to Business Plan Name Course Instructor’s, Papers

National Trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

National Trust - Essay Example Despite the fact that a non-benefit association has no speculators or quantifiable profit to consider, it must weigh such factors as gathering pledges, volunteer staff and generosity that a business firm doesn't (Greechie 2003). Since it just charges, participation expense, an expense to visit its locales and acquisition of its items at exceptional stores, this is not really enough to pay for their places. This implies the more they need to depend on gifts and gather the assets to take care of all these extra expenses National Trust is flimsy economy. During monetary troubles the association may encounter has issue with fund given by great individuals. At the point when difficulties gain out of power, individuals will go through less cash for a noble cause because of the significant expense of living. except if there is a solid connection between the set up benefactors to the National Trust, answer for this issue may not be found. The way that it is the non-benefit association makes it less serious and any work opportunities can be maintained a strategic distance from individuals. This can be illuminate by successful promotion techniques National Trust is a quality on their part National Trust utilizes papers, magazines, boards and Internet advertisements to contact an enormous crowd. They have a decent opportunity to look into individuals who have never caught wind of association. They made incredible progress in promoting. It has utilized; Above the line and Below-the-line advancement strategies. Above - the-line technique includes the utilization of conventional strategies for promoting, for example, papers and magazines. Underneath - the-line advancements must have manage explicitly picked crowd. Gathering gets letters via mail, news stories, official statements, advancements, shows and sponsorship exercises. It is a type of a coordinated battle planned for sending messages to an unmistakably characterized crowd. Favorable position over the line advancement is that it contacts a more extensive crowd while underneath - line

2010 Application Information Post #1 Changes in the Process for 2010 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

2010 Application Information Post #1 Changes in the Process for 2010 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Admission work pretty much follows an annual cycle and if you have been following the blog you know that much of the focus has been on wrapping up the current cycle of those who will be joining us this fall.   The bulk of admission travel and outreach happens during the fall months, however I have noticed that email traffic is picking up regarding the new application year that is ahead of us. I wanted to post an entry to assure those interested in applying for spring 2010 or fall 2010 that we will have plenty of content coming your way soon.   And for you incoming students, we still have information for you so stay tuned as well.   Thanks to all the new students that have been sending in photos!   If you have sent photos, rest assured I will get them up eventually, and if you have not sent photos yet, please do. For you future applicants, the Admissions Committee has been meeting over the past month to discuss how we can make the application process better for both those who apply and those who read the applications.   We have made some decisions and my staff and I are working with our technical crew as well as Senior members of the Committee to put everything in order for the coming year. The Committee had two main goals in mind this year.   First, we hope to make the process of submitting documents easier.   Second, we hope that some slight changes to what we ask for in the application will help the Committee to better evaluate candidates for admission as well as give candidates a better opportunity to explain their qualifications for our programs. I do not want to sound too cryptic or give too much away at this point.   The real gist of this entry is to assure you that the decisions we are making are in the best interests of all involved.   I can tell you that our goal is to have the new application go live on August 15th.   If you have started an application you will notice at this point there is no option to choose Spring 2010 or Fall 2010 as your application semester.   When the new application goes live these choices will be enabled, along with some modified instructions. Please do not fret, we will not be asking anything radically different, we will just be asking applicants to submit similar information in different formats.   One thing that will stay the same is our deadlines.   The spring deadline will be October 1st and the fall deadline will be January 5th.   So stay tuned and in the coming weeks I will be rolling out the changes we will be making in the applcation process for the coming year.

Book Review The Things They Carried - Free Essay Example

In his book, Tim OBrien aims to shed light on misconceptions and truths of war by thoroughly describing the thoughts and feelings of a soldier in the Vietnam War. He includes the steps and paths taken to become a soldier and also the detailed descriptions of war stories and their effects on individual men. Through examples of death and hardship, OBrien ties the reader emotionally to the main character. The way he strategically organizes his book to walk the reader through the events of war really immerses the reader while providing insight to tragedy. In the beginning of the book, OBrien uses great detail to describe the materialistic things that the different soldiers carried. But the things they carried were not always tangible items but emotional burdens as well. Many of the soldiers were very young teenagers, newly wedded husbands, or even students. These men were not capable of fulfilling the cruel demands of war such as killing other human beings and being away from loved ones for excruciatingly long times. The book clearly illustrates the conflict of love and war. The main character, Lieutenant Cross, carries emotional burdens himself. A very prominent one is the love he possesses for Martha. The woman who he keeps a picture of in his wallet. The woman whom he still loves and wishes loved him back. He constantly deals with internal turmoil regarding the fragmented relationship he carries with Martha. He often finds himself fantasizing over what they could have been. Another example of how war affects men is how Lieutenant Cross reacts to the death of Ted Lavender and Kiowa. Cross reacts with much guilt and grief because he was responsible for the lives of the company: When a man died, there had to be blame. Jimmy Cross understood this. You could blame the war A moment of carelessness or bad judgment or plain stupidity carried consequences that lasted forever. (In the Field.115) This quote is Jim Cross blaming himself for Kiowas death. He goes over all the things he could blame but he believes it was his fault. Again, this further proves the internal issues and baggage Jim carries. In another response to the death(s), he rips up the photograph of Martha and basically blames her for his inattentiveness. Due to his preoccupation with her. These two examples, out of many, prove how war affects a person and their emotions. Sometimes their actions too. On any other day, Lieutenant Cross would have ever considered to rip up the picture of Martha due to his emotional ties to her. But he chose to do this due to his deep rooted anger and self hate initially regarding the situation. Many of Crosss decisions were based off of emotion because he was stripped of mental health as a result of war. This book is stylistically unique among all other attributes. While I was reading the book, the main thing that stood out to me, regarding organization, was the way that OBrien achieved to capture my attention and help me relate to the book. By choosing an omniscient narration, I was able to go through the emotions with the main character. By using this narration style, OBrien is able to appeal to all ages and people of different walks of life. Even though the reader may not have any military background. If you refer back to the chapter titles, the titles are a story in themselves. Each title refers to the main theme of the chapter. Sometimes the titles contradict one another. For example: Enemies Friends. But the titles from the example can be seen as OBrien giving the reader both sides to a coin. He then includes the chapter How to tell a good war story, when ironically, this book is a war story. Details like organization can often be viewed as small or insignificant. But if you pay attention to the small details, they can help you understand the book a little more and also see the intentions of the author. The chapters of the book tell a story, about a story. And a detail like that is what makes this book more interesting.

Evaluation And Evaluation Of The Client And The Family...

This research paper will show the integrate theory, research, and practice that relates to the client and the family through treatments and interventions of an evidence base treatment. The focused of this research is on traumatic experiences that has an major affect on the client and their family. The case that is chosen is on a child sexual abuse case. I will be exploring evidence base treatments and deciding which treatment can benefit the child and the parent. This research will include a summary of the case study, description of the symptoms and problems that the child possess, a summarize description of the practice setting, identification of an evidence based treatment relating to the case, a presentation on a rational on the chosen treatment method, and an brief evaluation and critique of the implementation of the treatment. Maria is an 11 year old girl who lives in a home with her mother and step-father. They are a Spanish speaking family with English being their second langu age. Maria s mother and step-father has been married for 5 year. The step-father s family lives a couple houses down across the street from their house. The step-father s family consists of 3 members, the step-father s father, step mother, and a sister. Ever since Maria s mother and step-father gotten married, both of their families became very close. During the school season, Maria will go over in the morning to grandpa s house before she goes to school because her mom and step-dadShow MoreRelatedSuccessful Hiv Prevention And Treatment Requires Evidence Based Approaches1573 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Successful HIV prevention and treatment requires evidence-based approaches that combine biomedical strategies with behavioral interventions that are socially and culturally appropriate for the population or community being prioritized for the population or community being prioritized† (Martinez, 2016). 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The therapists apply motivational enhancement therapy, cognitiveRead MoreThe Importance Of A Theoretical Orientation On Substance Abuse And Co Occurring Personality Disorders1750 Words   |  7 Pagestheoretical orientation when working with individuals, families, and treatment groups. One of the main reasons for a theoretical orientation is because it gives the social worker a framework of reference to understand the therapeutic needs of the client. It provides the social worker with a theory-based framework for generating hypotheses about the client’s experience and behaviors, which in turn helps prepare the basis for a specific treatment intervention. 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My Long Term and Short Term Goals - 1412 Words

Professional and Personal Goals December 12, 2011 Someone famous once wrote, â€Å"A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.† That’s deep! But, in a way, it’s obvious and should go without saying. However, so many people try to just jump the whole thousand miles at once and seem to forget that careful steps and rest stops must be made along the way to successfully (the main word is successfully ) complete that journey. I’ve had my goals and aspirations for a long time but I’m not sure that I ever started out in the most organized fashion. My professional goals remain the same but I now realize that effective time management is the main way to achieve my goals in a less stressful manner. I understand†¦show more content†¦My original plan was to pursue my Bachelor’s Degree after my sons graduated college, since I support them financially, but when I realized that most of the hospitals require nurses to have a bachelor’s degree, I decided that the sooner I start w orking towards my professional long term goal, the better. It goes without saying that the two most important milestones to achieving this goal will be my sons’ individual graduation days. My personal long term goal is to go back to my country of Haiti and offer my assistance to those who have experienced and still experience the hardships and tragedies which the country has undergone. When I left home and came to the United States, I came with a high school diploma but could speak no English. As a single mother, I raised my four sons, worked, and went to school. With the help of scholarships and financial aid, I obtained an Associate Degree in Nursing. I want to â€Å"pay it forward†, as they say, and give back to my country so that others could receive the same opportunity as I did. This long term personal goal will be greatly influenced by finances. Therefore, one of the milestones to achieving this goal is tied into my professional goals (both long and short term). I will need to acquire one of those more stable positions at one of the area hospitals and I will have to be working there for at least a few years before I would feel comfortable enough to ask f or time to return to my country to assist. This is where a timelineShow MoreRelatedPersonal Goals Paper1281 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Goals Paper Alice Bennett HCS/301 Undergraduate Nursing Studies March 8, 2011 Cora Barrios Personal Goals Paper A goal is defined as something that you hope to achieve. Setting goals will give you long-term vision and motivation; it will help keep you focused on organizing your time and your resources so that you can make the most of your life. Objectives 1. Identify one professional short-term and one long-term goal. 2. Identify one personal short-termRead More My Personal Goals Essay893 Words   |  4 Pagesset goals for life. On occasion these goals are far stretched and sometimes even fairy-tale like, we tend to see life through a rose-colored glass, not taking into account the many sidetracks life throws our way. At that stage in life our goals tend to be less focused and somewhat unreachable. However, the process of growing up, or maturing, tends organized and center our goals, we learn to make compromises and set goals for our goals. There are different types of goals, short term and long termRead MoreThe Goal Setting Goals And Goals918 Words   |  4 PagesSetting goals is an idea many people use to help accomplish tasks, and reach them in a certain amount of time. Implementing plans in an effective step in the right direction toward accomplishing a desired goal. 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We set different types of goals for ourselves; short and long term goals. The short term goals we set help us reach our long term goal because they will help us identify how we will get where we want to go. Short term goals help us have a sense of direction of where we’re going. Although we may have it all figure out, we must identify roadblocks that will get in way of us accomplishing our goals, in order to have possibleRead MoreAchievement Goals As A Measure Of Motivation7 89 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Achievement Goals as a Measure of Motivation in University Students† talked about the difference in performance goals and mastery goals in students currently enrolled in universities. The article described a performance goal is one that is associated to a specific outcome; For example, passing your first chemistry exam. Performance goals are more common with short term goals solely because the majority of the time they aren’t something you can do continuously. On the other hand, a mastery goal is describedRead MoreContinuing Academic Sucess1291 Words   |  6 Pagesensure their academic success by knowing the benefits of setting goals, knowing available resources, and by knowing the writing process, and maintaining academic integrity. Benefits of setting goals Setting goals help increase your motivation by creating a positive climate. They help you plan and gain control over your future and they also add challenge and purpose to your life. Goals also provide a sense of accomplishment. By setting goals you put more focus on the results which make you work smarterRead MoreAssignment 302 Principles Of Personal Development In Adult Social Care Settings1374 Words   |  6 PagesWHAT IS MY CURRENT STATE? What are my Strengths? Strengths 1 2 3 4 5 What are my weaknesses? Weaknesses 1 2 3 4 5 What feedback have I received ?(Good and Bad) Feedback 1 2 3 4 5 What other performance indicators can I note? Performance Indicators 1 2 3 4 5 Conclusion Focus Areas Priorities 1 2 3 4 5 WHAT IS MY DESIRED STATE? What do I hope to achieve/improve Desired state from focus Areas 1 2 3 4 Why do I want to achieve that? Why do I want it? 1 2 3 4 5 What are my short term goals? ShortRead MoreMy Goals And Long Term Goals929 Words   |  4 Pagesabout anything in the field of nursing. I now have many short term and long term goals I would like to accomplish. One of my short term goals is to finish and complete my Bachelor of Science in Nursing through Indiana University. My second short term goal would be to become certified in emergency nursing. I plan to accomplish these goals in a time frame of one to two years. However, I also have some long term goals as well. One of my long term goals is to finish a master’s degree program. Secondly, IRead MoreGoals1374 Words   |  6 PagesGoals Kimberly Jones October 14, 2013 Goals My objective to obtaining my professional and personal goals is to increase my knowledge through education and work experience and steps that I will need to take to obtain my goals. In this paper I will discuss skills that I need to obtain and milestones I need to achieve, barriers I need to overcome, and time management strategies that I will need to work on. By obtaining my Bachelor’s degree I will not only fulfill my long-term personal goal but

Essay on Personality in the Workplace - 1380 Words

An individual’s personality is the basis of who they are and generates how they react to and behave in different situations. Personality testing is used in workplaces to identify whom to hire, promote and even put into teams. Personality testing is efficient in being able to determine which employees will perform best in certain roles, and this can remove some stress from employers. Personal testing has been shown to help improve the quality of employees who are in the workplace. The method of assessing personalities that will be examined in this essay is the Big Five taxonomy method. The two main questionnaires, which are used to determine these traits, are the Sixteen Personality Factor (16PF) Questionnaire and the NEO personality test.†¦show more content†¦386). In most workplaces personality testing is used to determine potential recruitment. The aim of personality testing is to differentiate groups of people who share a similar structure of knowledge and behaviou rs, and to recognise patterns of behaviour in groups while still maintaining the wholeness of the individual (Allinson, Sutton, Williams, 2013, p. 234). The most widely accepted and used method of assessing personalities is the Big Five taxonomy. The Big Five taxonomy method is described as â€Å"a well-defined measurement model for assessing personality across five broad dimensions† (Higgins, Lee, Peterson, Robert, 2007, p. 300). The five dimensions of personality traits that the Big Five uses are extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness (Mak, Vearing, 2007, p. 1745). Each of these personality traits is considered to be a substantially reliable measurement model cross-culturally and across the life span also (Higgins, Lee, Peterson, Robert, 2007, p. 300). Looking at the traits individually, they all focus on an entirely different aspect of personalities, yet are considered the most relevant personality traits for the workplace. It is believed extraverted individuals often look to engage in challenge appraisal in particularly stressful situations and also tend to adopt and approach orientatio n (Huang, Palmer,Show MoreRelatedPersonality in the Workplace1462 Words   |  6 PagesPersonality in the Workplace Personality in the Workplace Personality can be thought of as the sum total of ways in which an individual interacts and reacts to other individuals (Stephen amp; Robbins, 2013). Research has shown that measuring personality is a useful tool in making hiring decisions and helping organizations forecast who is best for each unique position. The Big Five Model Personality Model does a great job of predicting how individuals will behave in a wide range of real-lifeRead MorePersonality and the Workplace1487 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The workplace is difficult enough without us having to worry about the different personalities we encounter each and everyday. Our jobs are a place where we come in contact with many people, both co-workers and clients, and each of their distinct personalities. If we all had the same personality it would be easy for us to predict what the other person is thinking and feeling, but since we dont we must learn to deal with the many different personalities that we come into contact with eachRead MorePersonality Traits Of The Workplace1722 Words   |  7 Pages PSY100 As people, we have a multitude of personality traits; also as human beings we can’t label anyone’s personality strictly into just one word or term. Everyone has a vast array of personality traits which can be from how sad, to how happy; to even how sexual someone can be that is different from one another. But we can qualify people into various personality traits that can just barely summarize a person’s overall personality, specifically in this case, as either introverts or extravertsRead MoreEssay Personality and the Workplace708 Words   |  3 Pages Personality and the Workplace nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I prefer to discuss a situation at a previous employment as opposed to anything that may be a current situation. I will, therefore, set the stage, so to speak. The company is a small business that deals with commercial real estate management. The company is well on the way to becoming well known industry wide and soon after I began working with this company, they merged with several others, thereby forming an almost nationwide corporationRead MoreThe Effects Of Personality Assessments On The Workplace1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe use of personality assessments in the workplace has tremendously increased in recent years for the purposes of selection, placement, and development of employees. The rationale for the use of these tests is that personality assessments are useful for explaining and predicting work attitudes, behaviors, and job performance because â€Å"personality includes a wide range of characteristics that people possess; many of them have an im pact upon the ways people behave in the workplace† (Boutelle, 2015)Read MorePersonality and Communication Styles in the Workplace1149 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality and Communication Styles in the Workplace Chanda Holley Industrial/Organizational Psychology PSY302 Martin Cain July 28, 2010 Personality and Communication Styles in the Workplace As a consult it is my job to improve the working relationships within the workplace. In this report I have Juanita Smith, a 33 year old female; Joe Whitman a 26 year old male; Jack Ackman, a 30 year old male; and Justice Dale 48 year old male. Each of these individuals has entirely different personalityRead MorePersonality Traits Within The Workplace1342 Words   |  6 Pagesprofessional many struggle with attempting to control the dominance of his/her personality trait, in fear that it may be damaging to one s current position. Personally, there has been several instances when an employee was ridiculed because he/she expressed personality traits within the workplace, opposite of what the employer personally desired. Within this paper, one will discuss how the connection of an individual personality trait can be beneficial, as well a productive level of on the job trainingRead MorePersonality Trait and Workplace Culture2189 Words   |  9 PagesPersonality Traits and Workplace Cul ture: Online tests measure the fit between person and organization Mark Mallinger, Ph.D. and Ileana Rizescu Application: Determine how compatible you are with your primary work group. | Have you ever stopped in the middle of a work frenzy and asked yourself, Why do I continue to work for this organization? When you try to promote your ideas, do most of your peers frequently react with indifference? If so, it may be time to evaluate the relationship betweenRead MoreThe History and Application of Personality Testing in the Workplace1971 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ We’ve all had some experience with personality testing in one way or another. Since the beginning of the twentieth century personality testing and psychological assessments have been a staple in the recruitment and selection processes in all manner of position. Be it high level executives down to janitors, no candidate is immune to what has become a trusted and normal practice in recruiting. There is currently a long-standing debate among HR professionals and sociologists alikeRead MorePersonality Traits in the Workplace: The Big Five Essay1177 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality has been inherently defined as possession of a particular set of characteristics possessed by people which influences their behaviour and reactions in different situation along with their motivation level to react to difficulties at the workplace. However, understanding personality traits and their development has been a contentious matter. Nonetheless, various theories have been forwarded to rather co ntribute to this contentious debate. For example employers set goals and encourage involvement

Factors That Affect The Combined Analysis Of Sa And Iud

In this section, we present a four-step methodology to quantify distinct factors that affect the combined analysis of SA and IUD in real domains, as well as the potential benefits of this type of analysis. Basically, the proposed methodology takes into account the domain s temporal dynamics, the sampling sensitivity of the methods and the observed reciprocity between the collective opinion and opinions propagated by opinion-leaders. Through this methodology, we intend to quantify some important issues related to combine SA and IUD. We are not assuming a closed and complete assessment on all existing issues, which comprise promising research directions for the area.looseness=-1 subsection{Temporal Dynamics Analysis} A main†¦show more content†¦First, we derive the collective opinion $O$ of a whole data sample $D$, using a SA method existing in the literature. Specifically, we adopt in this work the method SACI cite{jws2015}. SACI is relevant to our goal since it was originally proposed for estimating efficiently collective sentiment on data samples, instead of aggregating the sentiment derived for each individual document. Further, the authors demonstrated that SACI is more effective in estimating the collective opinion than aggregation-based SA methods. SACI represents $O$ as a distribution probability among the sentiment classes positive, negative and neutral. Thus, we split $D$ into time units of equal size (e.g., days, weeks, months). Then, we estimate the collective opinion $O_t$ using only the posts belonging to each distinct time unit $t$. Finally, we perform a visual inspection on the derived distributions. The more dynamic a domain, the more different are opinions estimated on distinct time units.looseness=-1 In turn, we measure drifts on the subset of opinion-leaders over time as follows. First, we identify the ordered list $L$ of top-k opinion-leaders on $D$ by using an IUD method. Specifically, we use the presented in cite{iccs2015}, a meta-learning strategy based on PCA that combines linearly orthogonal information exploited by distinct state-of-the-art IUD methods. We will call this method as PCA-IUD. We chose PCA-IUD since it combines

Two Vastly Difrent Words Two Vastley Diffrent Meanings Free Essays

Two vastly different words with Two vastly different meanings Ignorance and Stupidity are words that are commonly used out of context and either word is often mistakenly used in the others rightful place. Ignorance is commonly mistaken for stupidity in society. Just as commonly, stupidity can be denied and termed as ignorance. We will write a custom essay sample on Two Vastly Difrent Words Two Vastley Diffrent Meanings or any similar topic only for you Order Now To say that these words are one in the same is ignorance in and of its self, that is if one is uninformed of the true definitions of either word. When one has been informed of the correct definition and still uses the term out of context well, that is an example of stupidity. For many reasons these two words have two vastly different meanings which can be easily contrasted with some thought. Ignorance can be defined as having no knowledge or information in ones mind of a specific subject. Ignorance is the result of a lack of education, one can not be expected to have the correct response when exposed to something they are uneducated on. For example, a male student walks into his college math class half an hour late. He sits down and is then handed a quiz on calculus and instructed to finish the quiz in fifteen minutes. He hasn’t read any of the chapter on calculus assigned last week and he has missed the lecture on calculus that his teacher gave at the beginning of the class. This is the first he has heard of calculus and he has had no prior experience in the subject. Therefore the student was ignorant on the subject. He failed the quiz because of his ignorance. The student may have retained the information given on calculus well and aced the test had he obtained that information. Ignorance is also a term used to describe being unaware of something. Such as, when a good friend of mine bill ate crab legs for the first time he was ignorant to the fact that he was allergic to shellfish. His throat itched then swelled and he was quickly rushed to the E. R that night. Know he is no longer ignorant to that fact. Other words to describe ignorance are uninformed, unlearned, uneducated and unwitting . Stupidity can be defined as a lack of intelligence. When one lacks intelligence they lack the ability to think and learn. They also lack the ability to apply information that they have been given. Stupidity can also be described as a lack of perception, not using the senses or lacking common sense. When one does not think logically or chooses not to make practical judgments based on the experience they already posses that is stupidity. Stupidity is expressed in irrational or thoughtless behavior. Such as the story given earlier of the male college student who didn’t study he showed an example of ignorance by having no knowledge of the subject he was being quizzed on. He also showed an example of stupidity. He would not have been ignorant had he studied. He was not ignorant to the fact that he had a chapter to read or of the time he was to be in class he just stupidly chose not to read the chapter just as he stupidly chose to be late for class. Because of this thoughtless, stupid behavior he was left ignorant. Other words to describe stupidity are foolish, senseless, witless and idiotic. Ignorance is a term used to describe ones unknowing, as to say he is ignorant of a subject not because he is stupid but because he lacks knowledge of that subject. It is a term that should never be used to insult and just as well should never be taken that way. There is no one person who possess no ignorance at all, we all have things we are ignorant of. Benjamin Franklin once said â€Å" being ignorant is not so much a shame as being unwilling to learn†. One can attempt to dispel there ignorance by seeking out and the proper Knowledge and education. Once they obtain the proper information and knowledge then they are no longer ignorant of the subject. Stupidity is a term used as an insult and can usually be correctly perceived as one. When a person uses the term stupid to describe another they are usually placing the blame of thoughtlessness or another negative trait such as foolishness on that other person. Fools rush in where fools been before† Unknown. While ignorance can be dispelled as quickly as one can learn, stupidity seems to be a pattern or bad habit that even the most educated people tend to exhibit. It can take a lot longer for some to get rid of there stupidity then for others to gain knowledge and rid of there ignorance. These terms have been defined enough to show why they are two vastly different words wi th two vastly different meanings and are expected to be used wisely. How to cite Two Vastly Difrent Words Two Vastley Diffrent Meanings, Papers

Innovation and Sustainable Development Income and Benefits

Question: Discuss about theInnovation and Sustainable Development for Income and Benefits. Answer: Introduction A plan of action is an unmistakable, succinct method that helps in envisioning regarding procedures of business. The group of administrations often strives having the appropriate capacity in depicting the action plan through a couple sentences. Majority of the organizations provides endeavor to offer some incentive to clients. More grounded this strategic offer, especially contrasted when along with that of the more probable contenders is that vast quantities of clients will buy from the organization. The action plan is a method that helps interpreting of the strategic offer into potential for development of fast income and benefits. The plan of action portrays the strategies the organization will use to create income. This could offer items or administrations, charging membership expenses, offering administration contracts on items - any way to make income openings. The model likewise demonstrates the elements about the operation of the business that will empower it to be gainful (B aden-Fuller, 2013). The organization may have higher edges over contenders in view of its lower cost wellsprings of supply. A business that advantages from informal suggestions from current clients to planned clients can be more productive because this sort of promoting is extensively more affordable than different means, for example, publicizing. According to Baden-Fuller (2013), the trading of messages between IT frameworks happens on the premise of business occasions. Hence, the trading of messages is an action of a subordinate business handle. Business framework in business phrasing usually refers to the esteem chain included, which depicts the esteem-included process, which means product supply and enterprises. A business can help in traversing from one or a few business frameworks. Every single unit of business framework, by itself, creates financial excellence. Along these lines, the business managerial importance of framework of business does not contrast particularly from utilization of the framework of business team. We likewise allude to the "results" of a business framework as 'usefulness'. A business framework, which will be displayed, can traverse a whole association. For the displaying and examination of framework of a business, it is vital to characterize limits of framework (Bohnsack, 2014). It has been discus s for the current situation regarding an association display. It is likewise conceivable for considering and displaying just a chose some portion of an association. In this situation think about, and IT framework coordinated needs to be incorporated into the operation of Passenger Services. Thusly, it is adequate in watching these operations and limiting the framework of business to Passenger Services. Boons (2013) stated that traveler Services being a division of Airport in UML, consisting of representatives, authoritative structure and a massive IT framework. The encompassing divisions, for example, stuff providing food and transportation likewise have a place with the Airport of UML, however not to our framework of business. In this way, we will treat them like other, outside, business frameworks. Circumstances and end results: For instance, Pareto examination which takes a gander at what 20% of the exercises cause 80% of the issues and uses the investigation to concentrate on the most noteworthy advantage/affect issues and arrangements (Casadesus?Masanell, 2013). It is usually frequently utilized when one has numerous issues all going after consideration. Affectability investigation is utilized to distinguish the level of vulnerability or blunder in evaluating the suggestions and additionally conclusions. Hazard investigation is utilized to distinguish and survey the elements that may imperil the accomplishment of a proposed arrangement or venture. Conceptualizing - referred to today as utilizing an innovative critical thinking strategy; connecting with conceptualizing with formalizing and structure, (for example, agendas, constrained relationship investigation including organizing relationship sets). Both hazard examination and affectability investigation can help you first distinguish the issues or potentially shortcomings in the venture or arrangement and after that help you concentrate on diminishing the hazard or affectability. DMAIC (Six Sigma: characterize, measure, break down, enhance and control): this is a procedure change apparatus that helps you first discover the reason for the issue and after that sets up a technique for development). While produced for quality change purposes, it can be utilized, regularly in an adjusted frame, for most critical thinking exercises (Chesbrough, 2013). On the off chance that organized legitimately, business connections can give an approach to use the one of a kind abilities and aptitude of every association and may likewise "bolt out" contenders. According to Kodama (2009), the concept of business architecture optimizes boundaries of a corporation that targets the business models and system of corporate design involving the stakeholders. For optimization of boundaries of a corporate sector, environment should be congruence by the corporate world. Connections that are hoisted to an association level are expensive as far as the time and exertion required accomplishing arrangement. A firm cannot and ought not to collaborate with each provider or client. It is critical to guarantee that rare assets are devoted just to those connections that will really profit by an association. By what method can directors decide, ahead of time, if a relationship would, one say one is that will bring about upper hand, and is deserving of the time and a ssets expected form completely into an organization. Further, all associations are not the same. How does administration know what sort of association would give the best result? These inquiries might be replied by utilizing The Partnership Model. Cohen (2013) stated that drivers are the convincing purposes behind two firms to accomplice, the normal advantages from extending a relationship, and they can be condensed in four classes: resource/cost efficiencies, client benefit changes, advertising favorable position and benefit development/steadiness. The more grounded the drivers, the more possibility of a fruitful association. Facilitators are the ecological components, which improve the probability of organization achievement. As per Veit (2014), these natural components exist in all business connections and cannot change for the time being. Facilitators measure how well the potential accomplices work and include: 1) the similarity of the corporate societies; 2) the similarity of the administration rationality and strategies; 3) the viewpoint of commonality between the potential accomplices; and 4) the level of symmetry between the organizations. Furthermore, there are five facilitators that when present will reinforce a rela tionship however can't be normal including: 1) the organizations share a contender; 2) the organizations are in close physical nearness; 3) the potential for eliteness in the relationship; 4) earlier relationship experience; and, 5) the organizations share a typical end client? Organization segments are the administrative controllable components of an association. It is through the usage of these segments that the capability of the organization can be accomplished. Organization segments include: 1) the style, level and substance of arranging; 2) measurements and joint working controls; 3) the degree and kind of correspondence between the organizations; 4) how hazard and rewards are shared; 5) the level of trust and responsibility; 6) the sort of agreement utilized as a part of the relationship; 7) the extent of exercises between the organizations; and, 8) the level of joint venture. The results mirror the execution of the organization and the capacity of the company has to accomplish their expressed drivers. The results can be seen regarding three essential classifications: 1) worldwide execution results identified with the upgrade or leveling of benefits; 2) prepare results, for example, enhanced administration or diminished expenses; and, 3) upper hand results, for example, situating in the market, piece of the overall industry or learning. Business demonstrate advancement is a brilliant thing. At its most straightforward, it requests neither new advancements nor the making of shiny new markets: It is about conveyance of existing items that are constructed by innovative frameworks created for the existing markets. The test helps in characterizing what is the true involvement of action plan development. Without a structure for recognizing openings, it is difficult to be methodical about the procedure, which clarifies why it is for the majority on a specially appointed premise. Accordingly, many organizations combine for a great opportunity for reasonable approaches in enhancement of their benefit and efficiency. In the accompanying pages, we display a system to help supervisors take plan of action advancement to the level of a solid and improvable teach. As per Zot and Amit (2010), concept of congruence of the boundary forms an optimal architecture that is usually concerned with the change in the environment. Drawing on the possibility that any plan of action is an arrangement of key choices that largely decide how a business wins its income, acquires its expenses, and deals with its dangers, we see advancements to the model as changes to those choices: what your offerings will be, when choices are made, who makes them, and why. Effective changes along these measurements enhance the organization's mix of income, expenses, and dangers. The way to Amazon's initial flourishing was its drop-shipping model, which permitted it to offer more than a million books while stocking just 2,000 or so of the most famous titles. For the rest, Amazon sent requests to book wholesalers or distributers, who then frequently dispatched the items specifically to clients utilizing Amazon bundling (Wirtz, 2016). In this creative model, Amazon's system of wholesalers and distributers autonomously dealt with their inventories. They, not Amazon, bore the danger of conveying books without knowing the reasonable interest for them. However, since the hazard was generally circulated, all could deal with their own bits of it without breaking a sweat. Moving the choice hazard to the gathering best ready to endure it is regularly an appealing methodology when no leader plainly has predominant data. In its initial years, Amazon was too little and in addition, money compelled to stock each book in its index, while greater wholesalers were very much s ituated to match supply with request from Amazon and a huge number of other little retailers. In any case, for this methodology to work, the substitution chief's motivating forces must be adjusted to yours. Amazon's model would have fizzled if the distributers had been roused to poach its clients. References Baden-Fuller, C., Mangematin, V. (2013). Business models: A challenging agenda.Strategic Organization,11(4), 418-427. Bocken, N. M., de Pauw, I., Bakker, C., van der Grinten, B. (2016). Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy.Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering,33(5), 308-320. Bohnsack, R., Pinkse, J., Kolk, A. (2014). Business models for sustainable technologies: Exploring business model evolution in the case of electric vehicles.Research Policy,43(2), 284-300. Boons, F., Ldeke-Freund, F. (2013). Business models for sustainable innovation: state-of-the-art and steps towards a research agenda.Journal of Cleaner Production,45(3), 9-19. Casadesus?Masanell, R., Zhu, F. (2013). Business model innovation and competitive imitation: The case of sponsor?based business models.Strategic management journal,34(4), 464-482. Chesbrough, H. (2013).Open business models: How to thrive in the new innovation landscape. Harvard Business Press. Cohen, B., Kietzmann, J. (2014). Ride on! Mobility business models for the sharing economy.Organization Environment,27(3), 279-296. DaSilva, C. M., Trkman, P. (2014). Business model: What it is and what it is not.Long range planning,47(6), 379-389. Gassmann, O., Frankenberger, K. A. R. O. L. I. N., Csik, M. I. C. H. A. E. L. A. (2014).Business Model Navigator. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. Huang, H. C., Lai, M. C., Lin, L. H., Chen, C. T. (2013). Overcoming organizational inertia to strengthen business model innovation: An open innovation perspective.Journal of Organizational Change Management,26(6), 977-1002. Kaspina, R. G., Khapugina, L. S., Zakirov, E. A. (2014). Interrelation of Company's Business Model Structure and Information Disclosed in Management Reporting.Life Science Journal,11(12), 778-780. Kastalli, I. V., Van Looy, B. (2013). Servitization: Disentangling the impact of service business model innovation on manufacturing firm performance.Journal of Operations Management,31(4), 169-180. Kodama, M. (2009).Boundary management: developing business architectures for innovation. Springer Science Business Media. Lohmann, G., Koo, T. T. (2013). The airline business model spectrum.Journal of Air Transport Management,31, 7-9. Veit, D., Clemons, E., Benlian, A., Buxmann, P., Hess, T., Kundisch, D., ... Spann, M. (2014). Business models.Business Information Systems Engineering,6(1), 45-53. Wirtz, B. W., Pistoia, A., Ullrich, S., Gttel, V. (2016). Business models: Origin, development and future research perspectives.Long Range Planning,49(1), 36-54. Zott, C., Amit, R., Massa, L. (2011). The business model: recent developments and future research.Journal of management,37(4), 1019-1042.

Ego, faith and Yuri Lubimov Essay Example For Students

Ego, faith and Yuri Lubimov Essay Some 10 years or so ago, a friend, returning from Russia to England where I live, told me he had seen a great production of The Three Sisters directed by Yuri Lubimov at the Taganka Theatre in Moscow. The action was split among three platforms, and sometimes the actors spoke simultaneously on all three. At the end of the play, the side wall of the stage rose to reveal, outside, Moscow lit up at night, the dream city the sisters long for but will never get to. I thought that such tampering with Chekhov could only be done by a director with such an ego it couldnt possibly be transcended by the production. Shortly after, Lubimov came to London to mount his own adaptation of Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment. In a newspaper interview, he said he was finding it difficult to direct outside his own group of actors at the Taganka, not only because he couldnt speak English and the English actors couldnt understand Russian, but because he knew nothing about the beliefs of the actorsfor instance, were they, actors in a profoundly Christian play, themselves practicing Christians? That he should require his actors to be in their lives what they played on the stage struck me as dangerously manipulative. But, finally, curiosity about how Lubimov realized his religious beliefs on the stage compelled me to go. And the production roused in me, a non-believer, something that I cannot imagine any contemporaneous religious rite rousinga sense of overwhelming compassion for the suffering world. This was 1983. The year before, Lubimovs production of Pushkins verse drama Boris Godunov had been banned in Moscow as subversive. In London, he announced he would not return to the U.S.S.R., and a year later his Soviet citizenship was lifted, in retaliation, by the Communist authorities. He went on working in the West. In London, he directed his own adaptation of Dostoevskys The Possessed. The production seemed hysterical, and I found myself resisting, until, tears suddenly welling into my eyes, I couldnt but give in. In 1985, when I went to Moscow, the great theatre historian Constantine Rudnitsky told me all Russian theatregoers were grieving the absence of Lubimovas great a director, he believed, as Meyerhold or Stanislavsky. The Taganka was not worth going to. But Lubimovs supporters kept his office there just as he had left it, his jacket still over his chair, waiting for his return, as impossible as it seemed. It had to be admitted: He was a very difficult man. In 1987, when I returned to Moscow, friends asked if I had any news of Lubimov. He had, I said, been invited by Covent Garden to direct Wagners The Ring, but his production of the first of the operas, Das Rheingold, had been so badly received by the critics, hed left. He lived in Israel now. The possibility of his returning to Moscow seemed more remote than ever, as he had signed a letter which denounced Gorbachevs reforms as mere window-dressing. I was told, sadly, that his jacket was still hanging on the back of his office chair at the Taganka. One day in Moscow I met Lubimovs ex-assistant, who told me enthusiastically that Lubimovs Boris Godunov was going to be revived at the Taganka in defiance of the official ban. She got me a ticket. In the Metro station nearest the theatre I was accosted by ticket-seekers, and felt guilty about not simply giving mine to a Russian. The night was cold with deep snow, and there was a dark, intense crowd pressing in on the modern brick theatre. The bare auditorium was packed in a way that fire regulations would never allow in the Westpeople sitting on aisle steps, on a ledge along a wall so high I saw them hiking one another up to get up to it. Squabbles erupted over seating. The empty stage appeared vast in the darkness. .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae , .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .postImageUrl , .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae , .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae:hover , .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae:visited , .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae:active { border:0!important; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae:active , .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua747699ead117bfc6b39e79ed00b60ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Examine the role of the Inspector Goole EssayPushkins play, notoriously difficult to perform, seemed to occur in that darkness. In the back wall were rows of windows at which the actors appeared and disappeared, opening and slamming shutters. There were few props, the most used being an old bucket an actor from time to time held up to his mouth to give a haunting echo to his voice. Boris died and was borne in procession on a plank. It was not an opera, but I, hardly understanding, listened to the voices as if they were music. The most telling image was that of little barefoot boys in white smocks whose innocence in the midst of darkness called out for help beyond our helpl essness. Wasnt the official image of Soviet Russia that of men and women who were in no way helplessmen and women who, with hammers and sickles, worked to create their new world, with the confidence of believing there was no power greater than their power? No wonder that this production, in which people were utterly helpless, had been banned. But the ban was lifted on the play, and a year later Lubimov was back in Moscow, presumably wearing the jacket he had left on the chair. He reconstructed his production of Boris Godunov, then, in 1989, put on Mozhayevs Still Alive, which had been banned since 1969 and was for Lubimov a statement of his freedom to put on plays of his choice. And with such freedom as he now has, I am told by friends in Moscow that his theatre has lost its impact. It did have its impact, however, and no doubt his ego was a necessary component of that force. Ironically, though, the greatest impact Lubimov was capable of came from his ability to transcend his ego in directing plays as an expression of his religious faith. That an artist should bring his religious faith to bear on a work of art in such a powerful way is a revelation; it is, I think, the stuff of revolution. This is dangerousvery dangerousand could utterly destroy the work by imposing upon it, as was imposed on all of Russia, a doctrine of belief. But the productions I saw could not have risen to the heights they did without Lubimov risking the danger. No one has demonstrated to me more clearly the difference between mere commercial entertainment and spiritual enlightenment in the world of the arts, and made me more aware of our need, in our darkness, for such enlightenment.

Research Paper on Spanish-American War Essay Example

Research Paper on Spanish-American War Essay Spanish-American War Research Paper By the second half of the 19th century the United States declared its sovereignty and became the independent state. The United States were constituted on a strong ideological basis. The prevailing national idea was the aspiration to freedom and the new democratic values. The people of the United States realized their mission to spread the ideals of freedom beyond the boundaries. In 1840’s the leaders and politicians introduced the new term, Manifest Destiny (Manifest Destiny). This term explained and approved the expansion of the American ideals of freedom to the West. The country developed rapidly and there was real need to expand its territory. There were some reasons for such expansion. First of all the land was the indication of wealth for the colonists. There was a high growth of population in the country. The country passed two depressions, in 1818 and 1839. The frontier lands were cheap or even free. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Spanish-American War specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Spanish-American War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Spanish-American War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The 19th century was the century of reshaping the political map of the world. Spain which used to the superpower was loosing its world domination. By the second half of the 19th century Spain had its possessions only in the Pacific, Africa, and the West Indies. Much of the empire had gained its independence and the areas remaining under the Spanish influence were about to demand their independence. Now and then there were revolts in Cuba and the Philippines and the Spanish government had neither financial resources nor appropriate manpower to coup with the numerous revolts against the Spanish rule. The Spanish government found the best solution to build the concentration camps in Cuba for rebels. Faced with defeat, and a lack of money and resources to continue fighting Spanish occupation, Cuban revolutionary and future president Tomas Estrada Palma secured $150 million dollars from a U.S. banker to purchase Cuba’s independence, but Spain refused. He then deftly negotiated and propagandized his cause in the U.S. Congress, eventually securing the bill for U.S. intervention (Wikipedia). On February 15, 1898, the American battleship USS Maine in Havana harbor suffered an explosion and quickly sank with a loss of 266 men. There was no any distinct proved evidence as for the cause of explosion, but the American press declared it was the act of sabotage of the Spaniards. There were suspicions that there was really an act of sabotage but committed by the Cuban revolutionists to involve the United States into the war with the Spaniards in order to liberate Cuba. So, the formal reason for the war between the United States and Spain was doubtful and unclear. The economic background of the US – Spanish war was expressed by Senator John M. Thurston of Nebraska: â€Å"War with Spain would increase the business and earnings of every American railroad, it would increase the output of every American factory, it would stimulate every branch of industry and domestic commerce.†(Wikipedia). U.S. President William McKinley was not a supporter of the war with Spain, but the explosion of Maine and public opinion created by the press forced him to agree with the decision of starting the war. On April 25, Congress declared that a state of war between the United States and Spain had existed since April 21st (Congress later passed a resolution backdating the declaration of war to April 20th). Thus, the formal reason of the war was suspicions of the Spanish sabotage of the US military vessel. The real reason of the war had an economic background. The official aim of the United States was to liberate Cuba from the Spanish domination. These 3 factors constituted the background of the Spanish war. The US – Spanish war was full of controversies. Though the formal cause of the war was the liberation of Cuba from the Spanish rule, the real reason was the expansionism policy of the United States in the Caribbean. The history of the US – Puerto – Rican relations during the war and after it is the vivid example of the controversial position of the United States in the US – Spanish war. Located at the north east of the Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico was a key to the Spanish Empire since the early years of conquest and colonization of the New World (Marisabel Bras). Of all Spanish colonial possessions in the Americas, Puerto Rico is the only territory that never gained its independence. Internal and geopolitical dynamics during the last quarter of the nineteenth century, nevertheless, brought dramatic political, social, and economic changes to the island, setting the stage for the development of its national institutions and the transformation of its political system as a United States territory during the twentieth century. During the early 1860s, local Spanish authorities, alarmed by conspiracies from separatist groups, applied severe measures against all acts of dissidence on the island. Freedom of the press was non-existent, and group discussions were monitored by the government. The island was ruled by â€Å"leyes especiales†; extraordinary decrees dictated by the Captain Generals, or governors, appointed by Spain. The establishment of liberal government in Spain between 1869 and 1873 led to granting certain rights to Puerto Ricans. Puerto Rico even got its representation to the Spanish Cortes and self governance from Spain. This period of the short-lived self-government experiment came to an abrupt end one month later with the advent of the Spanish-American War. â€Å"Liberating† Caribbean from the Spanish rule the United States realized the significance of its domination over Puerto – Rico. The island’s value to US policy makers was as an outlet for excess manufactured goods, as well as a key naval station in the Caribbean. The Treaty of Paris gave the United States full control over all former Spanish military installations as well as some 120,000 acres of land formerly owned by the Spanish Crown on the island. The main military posts were located in the capital city of San Juan along with military bases in the towns of Cayey, Aibonito, Ponce, Mayaguez, Aguadilla and the adjacent island of Vieques. Puerto Rico remained under direct control of US military forces until the US Congress ratified the Foraker Law on April 12th, 1900, bringing a civilian government to the island (Marisabel Bras). The US occupation of Costa Rica followed by the long term its annexation is one of the main controversies of the US – Spain war, a controversy between the formal cause, liberating Cuba and the real dominative objective in the Caribbean. At 2.34 am GMT and 5.34 am Baghdad Time on 20th March 2003 (9.34 pm EST on 19th March 2003), the armed forces of the United States of America (â€Å"the USA†) and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (â€Å"the UK†) commenced warlike operations against the Republic of Iraq (â€Å"Iraq†) with air and missile strikes against â€Å"targets of opportunity† in Baghdad. Those strikes were eventually followed up by a ground invasion of Iraq, the overthrow of the Iraqi government and the occupation of Iraq (Legality of the Iraq war). The war in Iraq was a part of anti-terrorist operation commenced by the United States after the cruelest terror act ever committed in the history of mankind which got its name â€Å"9/11†. The terrorism became the plague of the present. Though the advocates of the theory of state by Hobbes consider the war to be the natural state of a man, i.e. a state of war is typical for a human being, a war should at least be accompanied by a certain procedures to make it legal if â€Å"legality of war† is applicable in general terms. First of all if we compare both war conflicts in the history of the United States we understand one similar feature. There are economic reasons in the essence of both conflicts. In the case of the Spanish war it was cited by the words of Senator John M. Thurston of Nebraska above. In order to understand the reasons and backgrounds of both wars it is necessary to realize the global political situation preceding both wars. The second half of the 20th century was marked by the Cold War, a strong confrontation of two superpowers, USSR and the United States. That confrontation sometimes approached the military conflict in its development. The thesis â€Å"what is bad for my opponent is good for me† was used throughout this confrontation by both opposing sides. The post-World War II history of relations of the United States and the USSR was the history of the superpowers confrontation. Several times world was under the threat of the global nuclear catastrophe. When the USSR started its aggression in Afghanistan the United States supported the Anti – Soviet regime in Afghanistan. After the collapse of the USSR the usual permanent threat for the United States from the â€Å"Empire of Evil† disappeared but there were a number of groups and regimes provided with the modern arms and technologies by the superpowers. These regimes and groups created their activity on the basis of terrorism, neglecting the norms of the international laws and headed by the irresponsible arms race. Afghan, Iraq and other regimes were among them. The 9/11 became a milestone in the history of global security. It created the distinct borderline between two epochs, an era of military support of â€Å"enemies of my opponent† and the era of realizing that the terrorism regime does care who his enemy is, the most important is the presence of such enemy or if he is absent he should be nominated. The international community got the new global threat but it was not ready to coup with it from the military, political and legal points of view. The formal reasons of both wars where unclear and unjustified. There was neither proved evidences of attack of Maine by the Spaniards no possession of the mass destruction weapon by Saddam Hussein. Spanish war spread beyond Cuba involving a number of countries into it. One of them was Puerto Rico. During May 1898, Lt. Henry H. Whitney of the United States Fourth Artillery was sent to Puerto Rico on a reconnaissance mission, sponsored by the Army’s Bureau of Military Intelligence. He provided maps and information on the Spanish military forces to the U.S. government prior to the invasion. On May 10, 1898, U.S. Navy ships were sighted off the coast of Puerto Rico. Spanish gunners stationed at Fort San Cristobal fired the first shot (a 15-cm breech loaded Ordonez rifle round), missing the USS Yale, an auxiliary ship under the command of Capt. William Clinton Wise. Two days later on May 12, a squadron of 12 U.S. ships commanded by Rear Adm. William T. Sampson bombarded San Juan, Puerto Rico. During the bombardment, many buildings were shelled, terrifying the population of San Juan. On June 25, the Yosemite blocked San Juan harbor. On July 18, General Nelson A. Miles, commander of the invading forces, received orders to sail for Puerto Rico to land his troops. On July 21, a convoy of 3,300 soldiers and nine transports escorted by the USS Massachusetts sailed for Puerto Rico from Guantanamo, Cuba. On July 25, U.S. troops landed at Guanica, Puerto Rico and took over the island with little resistance (Wikipedia). The result of the Spanish war was the United States gained all former colonies of Spain in the Caribbean and Cuba was granted formal independence but this independence was formal and there were a lot of restrictions imposed by the United States. The results of the Spanish war proved the economic basis of the war. The Spanish – American war opened the expansionism policy of the United States. It created very dangerous precedent the consequences of which present nowadays. It showed that the territorial expansion may be done by the war means, the economic goals could be gained by the military conflicts. â€Å"Congress had passed a resolution in favor of Cuban independence before the war started. When the war ended, Congress debated reneging on this promise, but eventually agreed to Cuban independence. However, the Senate passed the Platt Amendment as a rider to an Army appropriations bill, forcing a peace treaty on Cuba which severely curtailed its freedom of action in foreign affairs and allowed the United States considerable freedom to intervene in Cuban affairs. It also provided for the establishment of a permanent American naval base in Cuba, which would lead to the establishment of the base still in use today at Guantanamo Bay. The Cuban peace treaty of 1903 would govern Cuban-American relations until 1934.† (Wikipedia) The United States annexed the former Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam. Thus the United States became the imperial power with the foreign colonies. It contradicted to the very essence of the United States and its declarations on the independence and democracy. This caused strong opposition inside the country on one hand but it also gained the support of a part of a population heated by the slogans on the pride and the self esteem of a nation. One more very important effect of the American – Spanish war was that it united the nation, the South and the North of the United States. The common enemy made both parties, which had been involved into the Civil War, forget their antagonisms. The annexation of Puerto Rico has been going on up to now. The liberation of Cuba being the major reason of the Spanish war led to the annexation of Puerto Rico and this could not meet an approval of Puerto Rico people. Ramon Emeterio Betances wrote â€Å"I do not want us to be a colony, neither a colony of Spain nor a colony of the United States.† (Wikipedia). On the other hand the Puerto Ricans being the residents of the United States Commonwealth voted to reject the complete independence, but still they are exempt from Federal income tax and other provisions of Federal regulation. One of the lessons of the Spanish war for the United States was the United States at the end of the nineteenth century recognized that its military forces had faced serious organizational, logistical, and medical challenges in that conflict. The war clearly pointed to a need for military reform in the United States, and in its aftermath Congress enacted some critical reform legislation (Hendricks, Charles). Similar lesson was obtained during the Iraq war or the anti-terrorist operation in Iraq. The events of 9/11 made all countries, and the United States in first turn realize a new global threat, a threat of terrorism. The United States of America happened to be unprepared to this new threat. The 9/11 attacks showed that the police methods of preventing the threat of terrorism were insufficient. The terrorists have necessary finance, contacts, and combatants to commit actions which according to their tragic consequence may be compared with those of the military war or operations. The response to those cruel attacks against civilians should have been done by all means. The only question arises on the adequacy of these responses. On the other hand, after finishing the Cold War the problem of proliferation the weapon of mass destruction became of the high importance for the former opponents, the United States and the ex-USSR. Both parties are not interested in the mass destruction weapon proliferation. The main reason of such change is the change of political priorities and inability to control the regimes which would have an access to nuclear or any other mass destructive weapon. On the other hand the attacks 9/11 indicated that the threat does exist and there is no guarantee that the world is safe if terrorists would have the mass destruction weapon. On the other hand, terrorists are not associated with any country directly and the problems of national security which deterred the arms race and the use of weapon do not exist for the terrorists. The terroristsâ €™ organizations may get the nuclear weapon and support from the existing regimes. That means that adequate measures should be taken against the regimes which support terrorists. The next very important question is the legitimacy of such actions from the point of view of the international law. The next question which is no less important than the previous one is if terrorists associated with some particular country, i.e. with its rulers, how legal are the military actions against the entire country. All these questions are similar to those which were on the eve of the American – Spanish War. In the first case there was an attack on Maine, and then the military actions as a response and America annexed some territories, namely Costa Rica as a result. The Iraq war may be considered as the repetition of the historic scenario occurred long ago which led to the war with Spain. The Iraq war is the first war in the history of mankind objected to mass destruction weapon deterrence. The logic of this war is rather controversial. If we link Iraq to 9/11 attacks, as it was done by the Bush Administration, then there is no logic in the war at all. If Hussein had something common with Al-Qaeda and possessed the Weapon of mass destruction, the question is why he did not use his weapon or provide Al-Qaeda with his weapon to commit attacks on the United States. Hussein could not under evaluate the response of the United States no matter what kind of weapon was used. The mass destruction weapon and terrorist attack would cause the similar reaction of the United States. Another question is no less important and maybe even more is the question of the Iraq war legality. The United States assumed the possibility of the preventive wars. If the preventive wars are considered to be legal then what is the legality of such wars. What criteria should define when the war is the only one possible action aimed to prevent the proliferation of the mass destruction weapon? Three types of legislation are involved into the issue of Iraq war and these legislations at least have to answer the question on conformity of the war commencement to the laws. The United States made its best to involve its allies to Iraq war to make it some kind of lawful. The Great Britain entered the war in alliance with the United States. According to the UK legislation, the UK constitutional settlement, a decision to declare war or to commit the armed forces of the Crown to warlike operations is a matter of the Royal will (â€Å"the Royal Prerogative†). In the case of the Iraq, Parliament was asked to authorize the invasion of Iraq by resolution, and the Public Administration Committee of the House of Commons is now looking at ways to develop a new mechanism by which certain categories of Prerogative powers, such as that of going to war may, only be exercised with the consent of Parliament (Legality of the Iraq War). Though the United States acquired the support and assistance of its allies, one of them, the Great Britain acted contradicting its national legislation while joining the United States in Iraq campaign, i.e. illegally. The leaders of the two belligerent powers, the United States of America and the United Kingdom put forward rather different justifications for the invasion of Iraq before the invasion and, since the invasion, as pretexts advanced at the time have proved unjustified, they have shifted their ground. The Bush pretexts for the invasion of Iraq were: that Saddam Hussein’s regime had links to the Al Quai’da terrorists who were responsible for the 11th September 2001 twin towers atrocity in New York; that the Saddam Hussein regime possessed Weapons of Mass Destruction which could fall into terrorist hands; The Blair pretext was limited to the second Bush pretext. Blair acknowledged right from the start that there were no substantiated links between Saddam Hussein and Al Quai’da. In fact Blair’s real reason for joining Bush’s war was his personal belief that the United Kingdom must always support the United States of America in any war (Legality of the Iraq War). The position of the United Nations towards the war conflict in Iraq was expressed by Secretary General Koffi Anand. â€Å"The United Nations secretary general, Kofi Annan, declared explicitly for the first time last night that the US-led war on Iraq was illegal. Mr Annan said that the invasion was not sanctioned by the UN Security Council or in accordance with the UN’s founding charter. In an interview with the BBC World Service broadcast last night, he was asked outright if the war was illegal. He replied: â€Å"Yes, if you wish.† He then added unequivocally: â€Å"I have indicated it was not in conformity with the UN charter. From our point of view and from the charter point of view it was illegal.†( Legality of the Iraq War). The results of the invasion to Iraq are known very well. The United States and its allies failed to find any evidence of the weapon of mass destruction. At the same time it is worth noting that the United States is the only Western democracy which did not sign the international treaties banning antipersonnel landmines and prohibiting the use of incendiary weapons such as napalm and white phosphorus in areas, including cities, where civilians are at risk (The Guardian). After the United States and its allies fail to find what they were supposed to, the new motto appeared; the motto â€Å"to liberate people of Iraq from Saddam†. Such reason can cause nothing but confusion. What is the legal basis of removal of the president of the independent country by means of force? It is unlikely that any existing legislation could find any legal provision for doing it. On the other hand the world community needs to acquire some legal basis to coup with the global terrorism. The Iraq war showed both legal and political collisions. On one hand if assumed that Hussein was the initiator of 9/11 attacks then he needs to be prosecuted by some international tribunal but not by the court in Iraq, a country president of which he was. Hussein as any other political leader had his supporters and opponents in Iraq that is why he could not count on the fair court process from the very beginning. The similarity of the Spanish war and that in Iraq though are not so clear, still could be found. The Spanish war was aimed to expand the American influence in Caribbean; the United States joined the â€Å"club† of colonial owners as a result of the war. The Iraq War is the attempt to legalize the theory of the â€Å"preventive war†. This theory is very dangerous because the limit of â€Å"prevention† has not yet been defined. After the Spanish War America gained the control over the territories which originally had not been parts of the United States. After the Iraq War, America and its allies gained the control over one of the major exporters of oil. There is a lot of confusion in America regarding the terms of â€Å"preventive war† and â€Å"preemptive war†. The preemptive war is the use of force against the threat of attack which is imminent. The classical example of the preemptive war was the 6 Day War of Israel against Syria, Jordan and Egypt in 1967. The results of that war were rather successful. In the US – Iraq case there was no any direct threat or it is better to say â€Å"proved threat† to the national security of the United States. The preventive war is considered to be an attack against the emerging regimes which may bring real threat to national or global security if they develop their arms further. The major reason of the Iraq war was the economical one. Iraq is very attractive for the United States because of its oil deposits. The United States had to re-evaluate the significance of the preventive war after the Iraq occupation. The basic question which had to be answered but was not what benefits the war brought for the national security of the United States. The mass destruction weapon as it was stated above was not found. The links of Hussein to Al Qaeda were not proved. The economic benefits of the Iraq are clear from the statement of the U.S. Energy Information Agency: Iraq contains 112 billion barrels of proven oil reserves, the second largest in the world (behind Saudi Arabia) along with roughly 220 billion barrels of probable and possible resources. Iraq’s true resource potential may be far greater than this, however, as the country is relatively unexplored due to years of war and sanctions. Deep oil-bearing formations located mainly in the vast Western Desert region, for instance, could yield large additional oil resources, but have not been explored. (U.S. Energy Information Agency) The access to the huge oil deposits of Iraq is the main cause of the US intervention against Iraq. The war in Iraq is very similar to Spanish War. The backgrounds of both wars are purely economic ambitions of the United States.